ivy102-040603

IVY Tech Spanish, (written June 23, 2005)

In this lesson there are several new details that we want to pay especial attention to. Here are some of the new things that we want to learn. First, let's take a look at the forms of the verb "want".

QUERER
I want	yo quiero
you want	tú quieres
he/she wants	él/ella quiere
we want	nosotros queremos
they want	ellos/ellas quieren

Notice that we use "qu" for the "k" sound in front of "i" or "e". Remember that the letter "k" really isn't used in Spanish (except for the metric system where the Greek prefix 'kilo' is used, meaning 'thousand'. Normally we represent the "k" sound in writing in Spanish with the letter "c", but if it is followed by "i" or "e", it would change to the "s" sound. In this case, to keep the "k" sound, we change to the combination "qu" (the "u" is silent, but we never have a "q" in Spanish unless it is in combination with the letter "u".)

Another point that we want to notice in the pattern of the verb "want" is the change from "ie" to "e". This happens in the "mos" form and the "r" form. This will happen with other verbs that have "ie" in the stem. Just remember that "ie" changes to "e" in the "mos" and the "r" forms of the verb.

We use "want" with the "r" form of other verbs to say that someone "wants to do something". For example:

Juan quiere estudiar en la biblioteca.

John wants to study in the library.

We also want to learn the verb "can"/"is able todo" in this lesson. Here are the forms of this verb that we need to learn.

PODER
I can	yo puedo
you can	tú puedes
he/she can	él/ella puede
we can	nosotros podemos
they can	ellos/ellas pueden

Here we have another "diphthong" (two vowels in one syllable). This time we have "ue". Notice as you look at the chart for this verb that the "ue" changes to "o" in the "mos" form and the "r" form. These are the same forms where "ie" changed to "e" in the verb "want". The reason for this is that the diphthongs "ie" and "ue" can only exist in the stressed (loudest) syllable of a word. In the case of the "mos" and the "r" forms, the stress is not on the stem (with the diphthong) but rather on the "e" which follows the stem. Any form of the verb "can" will be followed by the "r" form of another verb used with it. This makes sense if you think of "can" as meaning "is able to do someting".

Juan puede estudiar con nosotros en la biblioteca.

John can (is able) to study with us in the library.

Another new point which we want to focus on is the use of the "r" form of the verb to express the purpose of some thing or some event. For example, if I say, "I am going to buy a broom to sweep the floor", the verb (infinitive) "to sweep" tells us the purpose of the broom and why I am buying it. If I say, "I need the money to buy the tickets", the infinitive "to buy" tells us the purpose of the money and why I need it. In Spanish, when we use an "r" form ("to do something") to express a purpose, we use the word "para" ("for") in front of it. In other words, in Spanish we would say, "I need the money for to buy the tickets."

Also, in these sentences, we are going to begin to use prepositions. These are words that indicate relationships between people, things, and events. We might say, for example, "Mary bought a gift for me". The word "for" tells us the relationship between the gift and me. I am the recipient. The gift is being given to me. Let's see how the pronouns are used with prepositions.

yo	mi
tú	ti
usted	usted
él	él
ella	ella
nosotros	nosotros
ustedes	ustedes
ellos	ellos
ellas	ellas

In the first column we have the subject pronouns. They are used to tell us who does something. In the second column we have the pronouns used with prepositions. Notice that there are only two places where they are different from the subject pronouns ("mi" and "ti"). In all the other cases, we use the same forms as we use for subjects.

for me	para mi
for you	para ti
for you (sir, madam)	para usted
for him	para él
for her	para ella
for us	para nosotros
for you all	para ustedes
for them (males)	para ellos
for them (females)	para ellas

This is the way we would use pronouns with all prepositions except one. The word "with" in Spanish is "con". It is a special case. This is because in Latin the word "with" was "cum" and it already had a special pattern in two cases, "with me", and "with you". These have continued into modern Spanish so that we get the following pattern.

with me	conmigo
with you	contigo
with you (sir, madam)
with him	con él
with her	con ella
with us	con nosotros
with you all	con ustedes
with them (males)	con ellos
with them (females)	con ellas

Finally, there are some new words that we want to memorize in this lesson. Here is a list for you to study.

the money	el dinero
the stadium	el estadio
the tickets	los boletos
the game	el partido
soccer	fútbol
tomorrow	mañana

Do you have the money?
Can you buy the tickets?
I don't have the money.
I can't buy the tickets.
Mary says that she can go to the stadium to buy the tickets.
I believe taht Mary is going to buy the tickets.
I don't know if Mary has the money to buy the tickets.
Do you know if Mary has the money to buy the tickets.
I can't go to the stadium to buy the tickets because I have to study.
We have to buy the tickets today.
Do you know if we can buy the tickets tomorrow?
We can't buy the tickets today because we don't have the money.
The boys say that they are going to buy the tickets.
The boys can go to the stadium today to buy the tickets.
The boys say that they have the money to buy the tickets.
Tomorrow there is a soccer game at the stadium.
Do you want to go to the soccer game with us?
Do you want to go to the soccer game with me?
Mary says that she is going to go to the game with
I don't know if I can go to the soccer game tomorrow becaue I am going to have to study.
John says that he wants to go to the game with us.
John says that he is going to study today because he wants to go to the soccer game tomorrow with us.
I don't know if John can go to the game with us.
I don't know if John is going to be able to go to the game with us.
Can you go to the game with me?

END

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¿ Tienes el dinero?

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¿ Puedes comprar los boletos?

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Yo no tengo el dinero.

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Yo no puedo comprar los boletos.

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María dice que ella puede ir al estadio para comprar los boletos.

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Yo creo que María va a comprar los boletos.

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Yo no sé si María tiene el dinero para comprar los boletos.

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¿ Sabes si María tiene el dinero para comprar los boletos?

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Yo no puedo ir al estadio para comprar los boletos porque yo tengo que estudiar.

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Nosotros tenemos que comprar los boletos hoy.

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¿ Sabes si nosotros podemos comprar los boletos mañana.

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Nosotros no podemos comprar los boletos hoy porque nosotros no tenemos el dinero.

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Los muchachos dicen que ellos van a comprar los boletos.

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Los muchachos pueden ir al estadio hoy para comprar los boletos.

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Los muchachos dicen que ellos tienen el dinero para comprar los boletos.

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Mañana hay un partido de fútbol en el estadio.

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¿ Quieres ir al partido de fútbol con nosotros?

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¿ Quieres ir al partido de fútbol conmigo?

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María dicen que ella va a ir al partido contigo.

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Yo no sé si yo puedo ir al partido de fútbol mañana porque yo voy a tener que estudiar.

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Juan dice que él quiere ir al partido con nosotros.

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Juan dice que él va a estudiar hoy porque él quiere ir al partido de fútbol mañana.

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Yo no sé si Juan puede ir al partido con nosotros.

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Yo no sé si Juan va a poder ir al partido con nosotros.

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¿ Puedes ir al partido conmigo?

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